If you haven't read "The Infernal City", you might not know that Vvardenfell was nuked when the moon finally fell on Vivec City (because not only did the city become a scalding bay still uninhabitable forty years later, but Red Mountain cooked off). Surviving Dunmer scattered to other provinces, including the island of Solstheim. The dev MK has said the Nords on Solstheim helped the refugees rather than fighting them. In "Skyrim", maybe we'll hear about Dunmer refugees.
Without the Empire, the former provinces may be at each others' throats. The Pax Romana represented by the Empire may have given way to ethnic cleansing and the loss of a common language, the loss of free trade, a rise in banditry, and much else. The novel "The Infernal City" mentions that a Titus Mede rose from warlord to Emperor and tried to stitch together the Empire, but at the time of the novel some forty years after the Oblivion Crisis, the Empire seems to consist of only several provinces. The sequel might say more, and is due to be released in late September 2011.
I have already read where the capital city of Skyrim was already heavily influenced by the Dunmer (due to the proximity to Morrowind) so I would hope this is demonstrated in the game. Between that and the amount of refuges they could have taken in there might could be a heavy population of Dunmer on the eastern portion of Skyrim. I have already seen rumors of Dwemer ruins towards that side of the map as well. The more Morrowind (the game) style influence the better IMO, I miss the odd alien-eque qualities of that region.
The one thing I was disappointed with Cyrodiil was that it didn't have enough of the borderland's influence, as far as culture went anyways. The top was just snowy and the bottom right (near Black Marsh) was just swampy for example...meh at that!