I was curious as to other peoples' opinions on this matter:

In terms of the Aedra, Daedric princes, and other deities in TES universe, what would you say are the real world equivalents?
Is Dibella likened to Aphrodite in your mind, for instance?

Well they follow similar archetypal patterns to real-world myths. So yes and no. I don't link them to specific gods so much as I link them to specific divine roles. For example, Dibella is able to be likened to any fertility/sixuality goddess, to continue with the one you gave.

That's obvious though, in how they are described in game. I'm more looking to see if people have assigned them to particular deities. Not every fertility goddess is the same, for instance, though the root archetype is.

For instance, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0au%C5%A1ka, Hurrian/Hittite goddess of fertility, healing, and war.