I haven't bought that house. But perhaps waiting some time should reset things to normal? I haven't done the siege yet because I am afraid my game will get buggy and I am not playing until the next patch.
I've bought the houses early in the game and later in the game, didn't have any effect on being able to buy the houses, save you have to do the blood on the ice mission early in the game to keep it from becoming broken for both parts 1 & 2 (if you choose to do 2). I've done the storm cloak siege on whiterun multiple times without issue yet far as anything being able to access anything aftwards.
I left the key in breezehome and after the siege its permanently locked for me.
lol ouch, that svcks. Best place to leave any keys if you dont want to carry them all, is with Sven or that anoying elf that attacks you if you sneak attack bandits... at riverwood. I use them as 'accessable' storage outside of homes.
Why would anyone leave keys down? They weigh nothing, are in a seperate menu so they dont clog up your inventory, and are required for entry to specific locations.
Sorry but if you left a key down inside the location and it locks you out, thats your own dumb fault.
There's one mission where you may / may not get your keys back. its a glitch, happens with your gear sometimes too, but this isn't it, thalmar embassy is the one that does it. if I lose all my keys I just load to a previous save, to keep from losing my gear, i just stick everything in my house, give my follower all my keys and the gear i want to use in the embassy, then after getting past the gate guard in there, I wait for my follower to show up and take everything back off them. works great, and best of all no lost gear. (
side note for anyone who thinks they lost gear - check the secret room in the inn at riverwood both trunks, you might be suprised to find it there even if the thalmar took it. sometimes it shows up, sometimes it doesn't). Far as this mission in question, the siege, you dont have to ditch anything to complete it.