Your argument is a logical fallacy. You say that the tortured tells the torturer what they want to hear...so then what if what the torturer wants to hear is the truth?!? Then will the victim tell them what they want to hear (i.e. the truth). Yes of course
Thus, torture is of course often effective, thats why people have done it throughout time. The problem is not that it is ineffective, the problem is that it is evil.
No, it is not. Torture is inefective, but does not mean that it cannot lead to the right answeres. The problem is that the risk of being misled is far to high. Whether or not the torture would revela tru and useful information depends on whether the torturer already knows this information. Torture is more in a way of confirming things.
And a second thing is that in the Middle Ages, torture was often used not for gaining information, but as a form of punishment and for entertaining people. In those regards it is way more reliable.
My 2 cents:
Murder
Assault
Theft
Trespassing
Unsuccessful bribing of a guard (chance of a bribe backfiring results in arrest)
Treason (kill a certain number of guards or government officials)
Unsuccessful Extortion
Petty Crimes would be loosing a day (stocks) with some minor losses in stats. Disposition drop towards everyone by 3.
Minor Crimes would be loosing a range of days in prison with medium losses in stats. Disposition drop towards everyone by 7.
Major Crimes would be loosing a couple days, but if you don't escape, you suffer from public torture where you suffer major damaged stats which cannot be cured by churches (but yes by potions) and a whopping disposition drop by 20 of everyone in the town.
Also, in conclusion...
CRIMES NOT OBSERVED AND NOT REPORTED TO A GUARD DO NOT EARN THE FURY OF THE IMPERIAL ARMY.
Pretty nice. and the last sentence is absolutely true. Yes, the crime should be marked only if there is any survivor to seeing it.
What if you did, say an assassination or a theft for a guild and you got away clean with no witnesses. How about an ability to brag about your exploits and have it trickle down to imperial guards and they come to interrogate u by claiming to have heard reports from concerned citizens about your misdeeds. They could use a bar of some sort to show how much more you can brag before a guard is called. It would make it more realistic and interesting to me personally, especially if you hadnt completed the quest in question due to your being side tracked with other quests or things of that sort. If they heard enough reports about it they could actually just come arrest you due to overwhelming evidence of your guilt.
Now that would be neat and very life-like. You could use the bragging to impress people in your guild, but at a risk. Would be especially good for Thieves' and Assassins' Guilds. and again, if you are aproached by the guard,depending on your Intelligence, personality and speachcraft, you could talk your way out of this.