Longbows had a draw back up to 180lbs. a skilled (strong) bowman could closely match a crossbows accuracy and power
i understand that longbows are overall a better weapon than crossbows. Modern compound bows have more power and more accuracy (with skill) than compound crossbows. Due to the rather short draw back length of the crossbow it doesn't obtain as much potential energy with the pulleys both of the weapons have. The further you pull on a pulley, the more potential enregy you have for your shot (enhancing the original energy applied). As you draw back the bow the pulleys do more of the work, making it easier to draw back the rest. When the bow is drawn back completey little energy is required to mantain the postion.
1,000 bows vs. 1,000 crossbows... bows win 93% (that statistic was made up, but probably acurate)
Yet, for a time crossbows were more powerful and accurate (to a degree) than bows. Going back to Skyrim i think the strongest bow and crossbow should still be the same strength. The reloads for the crossbow would be extremely impractical for frantic combat. Someone said marksman perks shouldn't count towards crossbows as a penalty. I am fine with that. Maybe the game will have enchanted arrows but no bolts. There is no spellmaking in skyrim. One could assume there is no enchanting and you can only find enchanted weapons. If that is true then maybe no enchanted crossbows? Then the strongest crossbow and bow could still do the same amount of physical damage, while the bow does more damage overall (assuming the strongest bow is enchanted)