I love archery and I'd love to see bows in-game, though making them a competitive weapon at mid or high levels would seriously make me quirk my eyebrow (a reaction that Bethesda is very fond of eliciting from me, it seems). From a practical perspective it makes sense that they should be there--easier to build, maintain, and keep stocked with ammo than a gun, and practical enough for hunting and basic defense. Plus they already have a decent archery system they could port from Skyrim (yes, the bows themselves svcked, but the animations and what not are all there). Plus, since this is Fallout, I think a nuclear arrowhead would be about the most awesome thing ever; it's exactly the over-the-top tongue-in-cheek sort of thing that makes the franchise awesome.
But do I actually suspect we'll get bows? No, I do not. Why go to all the work of implementing a weapon class that will probably be invalidated by level 5 or so? Maybe, if we're lucky, modders will get them into the game later on.