I was fighting Vampires, and I got that disease from it. I took 3 cure disease potions, and prayed at a chapel. Will I still become a Vampire? It didn't give me any indication that I have cure it.

I'd say you took care of it. One cure dis pot or spell should do the trick. Or just praying at a chapel.

Check your current effect status, on the far right, in your spell menu tab.

You can check by looking in your menu interface in the spells section - go look in the right most tab where it will list any diseases you have.

if you took the cure disease potions and prayed within 72 hours of getting it (hopefully you didnt sleep any), im pretty sure that you'll be cured

I went into the active effects tab, and the effects are: Fortify Endurance, Fortify Luck, Fortify Magicka, and Fire Shield. Did I get rid of it?

Yes you did. Each of those effects should have in parentheses a reason listed. For example you might have seen 'Drain Fatigue 5 (Porphyric Hemophilia)' as an entry if you were infected with the disease.

One of the simplest ways to cure a disease is simply to eat a piece of mandrake root. It is lightweight and easy to find.

Haha, three cure disease potions and praying at a chapel is overkill. One cure disease potion or just praying at the chapel will cure it so long as it's within three days of contracting the disease. If three days pass and you sleep, then you'll get a message about having some crazy dream and you'll see the vampirism spells added. During those first three days, though, it acts just as any other disease in the game.