Well, creatures and enemies don't respawn in enclosed areas, at all.
If you killed a Deathclaw in a sewer, and left for a month, then came back...it would still be there. Even outside, in some places, enemies will not respawn and there will not be that same enemy as before. In very open places, however...enemies do respawn(If they didn't, then you'd eventually have nothing to kill in the wasteland). For example, the raiders, outside of the Springvale School, or the Talon Company Mercs, just near the Riverboat Landing. They all respawn. And i'm sure a lot more do too.
I guess Bethesda just tries to make sense with what they do. If they had Raiders, outside the Springvale school one day, that you had already killed, and then respawn with Talon Company Mercs, with Raiders already inside the school, it just wouldn't make sense. That's why the same species/gang of enemies respawn, at their habitat/fortress that they belong to. It just makes more sense, than just jumbling up other types of people, into locations, that would be fit more for another type instead.
(E.g. Putting Talon Company Mercs, to guard the outside of a building, that doesn't belong to them, with other Mercs inside)
^You never see that, because "raiding"(loitering inside buildings, that are in the middle of nowhere) is not what Mercs do.