Dual-Casting
Within each school of magic is a perk granting proficiency in 'dual-casting' spells. Without this perk, casting a spell with both hands has the same effectiveness as though cast normally, but twice. However, once a dual-casting perk has been taken, relevant spells can be 'overcharged' via dual-casting, resulting in a single, more powerful effect. The formula seems to be: 2.2x spell effectiveness for 2.8x spell cost (remember that we're casting two spells at the same time so 2 is the base value here, not 1).
Whether dual-casting is worth it or not depends on school. For example, without the dual-casting perk, equipping two Frenzy spells in both hands is completely pointless, but equipping two Firebolts will double the damage output. Generally speaking, the school which benefits most from dual-casting is Illusion, as dual-casting increases the maximum possible level of affected creatures and the effect stacks with perks like Kindred Mage or Animage. The Alteration and Conjuration schools, and protective spells from the Restoration school, gain duration only, which is of limited use. Healing spells actually lose effectivenes when dual-cast, as they heal only 20% faster but for 80% more magicka. Similarly Destruction spells are better off cast separetely, though the Impact perk might be well worth the increased cost.
So is it really worth it?