The other day I was fighting a Sentry Bot, and decided to take it out with a Fat Man. I had a crit ready to go, so I hit the space bar as I was attacking and launched a critical. The bot's health bar went down by about half. Slightly dismayed, I launched another mini-nuke at it. To my surprise, the 2nd nuke finished it off. So it seems that there was no increase in damage from the critical.
So are crits with a Fat Man pointless, other than the guaranteed hit? It seems I've had similar problems with rocket launchers too. Something with explosive weapons maybe?