Is there a mod that means you need to gain more EP before you can level up?
That's not really what you want. It was tried, but resulted in compatibility issues (such as a major one with Broken Steel).
A better way of doing this is to reduce your XP for every thing that you gain XP for (while still requiring the same amount of XPR to level up).
That is how my http://www.fallout3nexus.com/downloads/file.php?id=7674 works, and it comes in two variations (a normal Reduced XPR, and an Extreme version).
And, if you want to level up even slower, you can also use my Reduced Quest XPR module (which comes with my http://www.fallout3nexus.com/downloads/file.php?id=7565, which reduces all the quests experience points you receive by 90%. Which means that you will no longer level up when leaving the vault, but will be out in the Wasteland, trying to survive at Level 1.