i like it.
if you don't... reload.
people talk about all the essential characters, but, then a real example comes along WITH CONSEQUENCES and there is grumbling.
depending on how i'm playing, DiD for example, it is great to see meaningful npc's get snuffed. (i used to complain about the merchants in fallout3, as well.) at least the option is there to have people die and i must face the consequences. i'll reload if that's not the style i'm playing. no big.
i think starting a game and just living with the results is something people should try more often. i know it's taken my perfectionist gaming style many years to overcome!! it's not like you can't reload.
and, if you think reloading is wrong, then, why would you feel in-game death and consequences is wrong??
Well, for some of us the issue isn't that dragon's attack and potentially kill npcs, it's that the npcs (well, some at least) are horribly scripted in how they react to a dragon attack.
I get that some npcs would aid in the battle (e.g., Eorlund in the OP, Alvor mentioned in another), and therefore are more likely to get killed. But when the average citizen rushes the dragon with nothing but clothes and a dagger (or their fists) *while* there are several guards and two heavily armed mercenaries (i.e., me and my companion) already engaging the flying demon, it becomes less a matter of accepting random consequences than accepting poorly implemented AI.
I, for one, don't reload because I don't like random consequences. Quite the opposite, I enjoy it. I want to be a part of Skyrim, not control it. I do however bemoan the crappy npc scripting evident in the ocassional dragon attack.