im going to start playing new vegas on pc and need to know what current optimization mods i need to run i know that i will need fallout mod manager but what else will i need so that i can download other mods without breaking the game or my computer

You'll probably want http://www.newvegasnexus.com/downloads/file.php?id=34703 so you can make merged patches. There's a http://www.newvegasnexus.com/downloads/file.php?id=38413. FOMM comes with a built-in mod sorting tool, so you don't need LOST or BOSS, but you can use them as well.

Optimizations are actually few and far between, considering the plethora of patches and reduction in support. Purge cell buffers seems to work ok, while the stutter remover needs support still.

Otherwise, go with the fallout mod manager, new vegas script extender(NVSE), and either fnvedit or wrye bash to create a merged or bashed patch, respectively.

I don't think there really is any "optimization mod" right now that's absolutely needed.
You might need some compatibility patches (or learn how to make your own merged patches) if you use a lot of mods that tackle similar things, but as long as you keep it on a sensible level you probably won't have too many problems.

You may try the Stutter remover (if it gets an update to FONV 1.4) to reduce stuttering and the 4GB enabler if you are on a 64bit system with 4GB or more ram.
Both might help to make your experience a bit smoother and even reduce crashes.