Alright. .
The basics is that the attributes shouldn't really matter other than intelligence is more favored than the others. After all, many of the high level illusion spells require quite a bit of magicka. For the second attribute, it's your choice. If you want to use a blade as a followup to an illusion attack, pick strength. If you want to use a bow, pick agility. Etc.
For class set up, it's also very much dynamic as there is much room for flexibility.
Illusion - You know why
Alteration/Mysticism - A good pair of sister skills to illusion from my experience. Again pick one or the other, not both. Alteration for walking on water and open lock spells, not to mention breathing underwater. But mysticism is a better pick here because of soul trap.
Blade/Marksman - Choose one or the other, not both.
Light Armor/Heavy Armor - Choose light if you want to use a bow, pick heavy for blade. Either way, you'll want to prefer light as you'll most likely be sneaking around. But 100% Chameleon could be used so your choice.
Alchemy - At mid to high levels, you can make Restore Magicka and other useful potions. Great to get a jump start.
Sneak - You'd be using invisibility spells so learning how to sneak would make your life much easier.
For the last skill, it's your choice. But I recommend Armorer or Mysticism.
For gameplay, there's obviously much room.
You have said a couple things on your post but remember, your character is NOT a fighter so don't go charging head first into battle. You could either sneak past them with a powerful chameleon spell or do the same and kill them. Focus on Illusion, Alteration, and Sneak the most. They are your MOST important skills as playing as an illusionist as you'll most likely be sneaking past them and if you can get a sneak critical, most enemies will fall. Of course, to make sure, use your Alchemy skill to poison your blade or arrows. JOIN THE MAGE'S GUILD. Unless you're roleplaying some outcast or recluse, just join the Mage's Guild. You don't even have to be promoted in the Guild. Just to the recommendation quests and just learn a powerful Soul Trap spell and train your mysticism. Then enchant your blade or bow for a guaranteed one hit KO.