The game is tied to your Steam account, so if you install Steam on your laptop and login, Skyrim should be there (Just needs to reinstall itself on the laptop). Your saves depend if you have Steam Cloud enabled (Which by default, usually is).
With Steam you can have the game installed on multiple systems, you can just play one of them at a time.
Note, make sure your laptop has a dedicated video card, and not something like the Intel HD4x00 or the game won't run well, or at all.
Maybe on low settings. I think the 4000 series is newer so maybe it got improved a little. Only way to know is to try it out and fiddle with settings.
You can check out http://www.gamesas.com/topic/1472493-unofficial-will-my-pc-run-skyrim-thread-63/ for more info.