Politics of the province:
So I get the main idea of how the politics work in Cyrodill, there is an emperor, and an Elder council, the council rules in the Emperor's absence, with the high chancellor being the highest ranking council member. So I was wondering about politics on Tamriel as a whole, so I have a two parter here:

1.Is each individual province governed by a single kingdom, or are their provinces, still under conflict over control, or provinces made up entirely of wilderness?
2.Do the leaders of provinces ever meet with each other peacefully for political negotiations, etc?

Any help answering these questions will be appreciated as always

The provinces are all part of the Empire, and each one is split up in to smaller regions as well. For example when Highrock and Hammerfell were featured in Daggerfall you could travel to all sorts of kingdoms within the respective provinces. We know less about the other provinces in this regard - the province of Morrowind has land controlled by the various Great Houses but I'm not sure if they have specific regions beyond this. We've really only seen the island of Vvardenfell in any depth and it's a special case administratively.

Morrowind does have a King however, as does Elsweyr. I'd presume most provinces has some ultimate provincial authority - a King or Governor or Council or what not.

2. At the very least I see no reason why they couldn't, although much of this is probably handled through Imperial authorities.

Thanks again for helping me out with my question, but are you saying the Empire is 'still' in control of all of Tamriel because I thought they lost control of most of it, if I remember that history of Tamriel from the Imperial libray well enough (which I probably don't, or misinterpreted/misread).

The empire did lose control of most of the empire. By the fifth game, however, They'll either have recreated the empire or be about to do so (IMO

As of the last game the Empire spanned the continent. It was divided into provinces that correlated with the homelands of each playable race. They all operated in different ways internally, but most of them seem to have been subdivided according to local custom.

Some more information - which can also be taken from the latest edition of the Pocket Guide to the Empire (http://www.imperial-library.info/pge3/):
- High Rock: five major Kingdoms after the Warp in the West: Daggerfall, Wayrest, Camlorn, Evermore, Northpoint and additionally, the influence Orsinium holds in the Wrothgarian Mountains.
- Hammerfell: the Kingdoms of Sentinel, Taneth and Elinhir do somewhat scheme against each other, while eastern Hammerfell is involved more in border disputes with Skyrim than the political struggles of their western brethren.
- Summerset: also different kingdoms, of which Alinor and Firsthold are the most notable. However, I believe Old Mary is stirring.
- Valenwood: after the fall of the Camoran Ursurper, Valenwood has effectively ceased to form one or more political entities. As the PGE puts it: "The land is considered by most to be a mere geographical designation without any political purpose."
- Elsweyr: not much is known of the current political structure and the PGE does not go into very much detail, but after the unification of the two original kingdoms of Pellitine and Anequina, it can be assumed that Elsweyr is still a kingdom, though influenced by their spiritual leader, the Mane.
- Black Marsh: The coastal cities are under Imperial rule, beyond that though, the Imperials excert practically no control.
- Morrowind: a kingdom ruled by King Helseth - after the fall of the Tribunal now much more than then
- Skyrim: a patchwork of kingdoms and city states, engaged in their internal rivalries as well as border conflicts with their Breton neighbours, Hammerfell and Morrowind.

What is to be noted is that though all provinces and their respective kingdoms are nominally a part of the Empire and under Imperial law and rule, they still have intact internal power structures. This goes beyond simple government - it even means that they are capable to fight wars between each other. While some of this may have a cause in the weakness of the Empire, I highly suspect that it is also - at least in parts - intentional and desired by the Imperial rulers. As long as the local authorities have rivalries between each other (and don't bother the Empire in its whole), they don't think about turning their animosity and attention towards the Empire.

What effect the Oblivion crisis will have remains to be written...

(Note: I did not read the Infernal City, so any information given in the book is not included in the account above)

Morrowind is divided between the five great houses. Formally there is a king who represents the emperor, but before Helseth's rise to power the king was mostly just a figurehead. The true power was with the great houses and of course with the Tribunal. It seems reasonable to assume that there was (and still is) also some sort of council with representatives of the great houses. Vvardenfell has a council of it's own in Ebonheart with the Duke as the representative of the Empire, and it's probably not too much of a stretch to assume that the province at large is handled in a similair way. Except for the fact that we haven't seen any such council in Mournhold, which would have been the most logical location where one might expect to find such a council.

Quite, each province operates its own government, and in most cases the province is dvided into multiple kingdoms and city-states, but the Emperor still (at least until Infernal City) has control over all the local governments. Nalion gave a pretty good outline above for your first question, but to answer your second question: yes, many provinces coexist peacefully, with some limited border disputes. I don't think there were any full scale wars during Oblivion, though eastern Skyrim and Morrowind were close (Redoran, wasn't it?). The http://www.imperial-library.info/pge3/ will usually give a decent description of the provinces, as will the http://www.uesp.net/wiki/Main_Page.

Hmmmm. This makes me wonder what the new Aldmeri Dominion (forget the name off the top of my head) thinks of Morgiah, Queen of Firsthold.

If Daggerfall is any indication, most peaceful negotiations would be handled with the Emperor as an intermediary (on a Duchy-Duchy/Province-Province scale) if they are even willing to hear any of it. If they aren't, then the blades likely interfere or there is infighting.

It all may have changed under Titus Mede of course. He seems more like the "iron fist" type of ruler than the Septim Dynasty did.

It is a definite possibility but keep in mind, Tiber Septim was the only ruler to fully unite the entire continent of Tamriel under his Empire. From what was shown in The Infernal City, Titus Mede shows little interest outside the borders of Cyrodiil. That's not to say any of his successor's won't.

If the next game is set some time soon after the events of Umbriel, I doubt there will be a united Tamriel. Which will be interesting because most of the games set so far have been during the reign of the Septim Empire.

Who knows what will happen though.

"Citing a stewardship clause in a treaty from a thousand years before, the High Elves quickly established a provisional government, the Thalmor, on behalf of their own claimant, Camoran Anaxemes, whose bloodline had struck the pact with the Aldmeri Council in the first place."

While the possibility of them actually doing so is next to none, I'm personally hoping the Nede Empire will get the Bruma Siege Crawler up and running and use it in their conquests. Sure it's no Numidium, but it'd still be pretty epic.

Well I'm sure it's been said before, but I think each city in Cyrodiil is like a City-State, and the Counts/Countesses rule them like they were districts(Think like how in Morrowind, the various regions are controlled by the Great Houses, but they all answer to Mournhold, or like how the United States has 50 states that all gather in the District of Columbia). The Counts then Answer to the Elder Council, and the Elder Council answers to the Emperor.