Redguards seem arab-style to me, and Imperials are clearly Roman-influenced. But how about khajiits? Somehow i have always imagined Elsweyr to be somewhat anologous to Ancient Egypt, but i have read very little lore...is there any info on this?
All race of Tamriel take a mix of influences and none are restricted to any given influence. Redguards I'd say are more African / North African which contributed to much Arab culture.
For Khajjit I'd say more Indian / Persian
1. Elsweyr is a mix of jungle and desert
2. natives resembling big cats such as leopards, tigers & lions.
3. They make good warriors in light armor, bladesmen & marksmen
4. according to the lady in whiterun, many are traders that get who get bad hostility from other races.
5. many trade in caravans (as in a semi-nomadic people carrying their good on horses / camels, living in tents and not as in a house on wheels)
6. many struggle and turn to thievery
7. Khajiit have a fondness to skooma and have large Skooma pipes
8. the names of the Khajiit often end in Jiit or we find names like Ra'ja
I would say India / Persia is the nearest comparison.
1. India / Persia is desert & Jungle
2. India is the only country that has most types of large cat. It has the Asian lion, the tiger, the leopard etc. Tigers & Lions have been a symbol used by most Indian cultures throughout the centuries. A tiger is still the national mascot for India. A lion is on the flag of Sri Lanka. Bangladesh has the Bengal tiger. Pakistan has the lion... etc etc.
3. Indians / Persians specialize in light armed swordsmen / marksmen / spearmen type warriors armed with curves swords. Indian warriors such as the Rajputs or the Bhil are examples of this.
4. many Indians throughout the world make good traders even though they have at times faced hostility from natives - this include Romani Gypsies who also originate from India.
5. Many Indians trade via caravans. There are ethnic groups in India who are semi-nomadic traders. Romani Gypsies are one group who left India 1000yrs ago and came to Europe.
6. In India there is a large poorer community who often join underworld criminal gangs specializing in thievery and begging (something still happening to this day as seen in the film "Slumdog Million")
7. In India there is a large drug problem due to the warm climate and the availability to grow the stuff. Laws out there are a lot more laps to that in Europe etc. There are many hemp and hash dens amongst the Indian underworld. There is also an Indian home brewed spirit made out of sugar cane which is a problem with men in some local villages.
8. Many names in India end in jiit, such as Harjiit, Ranjiit. Another Indian name is Raj / Raja.