I am level 20 and am still using the nooby robes ive always had. I want to start raising smithing for dragon armor but the lowest things are light armor, no cloth. So should i find better robes and wear them, or take the effects off them and put them on light or heavy armor. What im pretty much asking is what is the best thing for a pure mage to wear

Well if you are putting any perks in alteration, then stick with robes. The mage armor perk will give you more armor than any other set of armor in the game. You just have to cast it before battle.

There are items that drop off mobs or obtained quests that are better for mages. I've only come across helm and armor that's better than can be crafted. We can craft better rings and necklaces. As for gloves and shoes, those aren't much helpful toward mages anyway. The gloves can get + magicka but the boots eitehr get magic resistance or increased weight carry. You can use light or heavy for those two pieces according to your liking.

Any armor is fine as mage, you don't really need to wear robes especially if you're going to use enchanting. Light armor keeps you a bit more mobile, heavy armor gives a lot more protection.

No, it won't.

Daedric armor with 4x - 29% cast cost enchantments is arguably the best in the game for any mage type, whether you want to do that or not is a different matter.

i'm only level 7, but as a mage i spend a lot of time kiting so i stay out of range and just bolting with lightning and destruction.
i can kite in heavy armor while facing slow opponents and stay out of melee range, but even in mage armor with zero weight i can't stay out of melee range against bears, for instance.
if you feel like you could successfully use the spells you like while wearing heavy, then might be the best way to go.

Heavy armor is the best option for any build in this game. Bethesda removed nearly all the negative aspects in anything and everything that they had in previous ES games, so might as well go with the most protection you can get, eh?

Is it easy for a level 7 to disenchant some mage robes and place the enchant onto some heavy armor?
If so, how would I do this?

I took one perk of it. I stopped there because I'm not sure it is working. The effect of the perk does NOT show up in the menu under Active Effects.

Does it actually improve anything or is it bugged?

If the it is bugged. Is it in the function itself or just the display?