The Dawnies believe that Nirn is a Daedric plane absent its Prince, Lorkhan, who was undone by his very subordinates.
From the way in which he said it, I got the impression that Camoran was the only one who thought that, and that the cultist on the streets was ignorant of such things.
The Altmer Love Auri-el and his bunch. Camoran hates them.
Admittedly that is a rather large distinction, but to an extent it's one of tools, not of ultimate goals. Both want to transcend mortal existence and return to the source; they merely have different ideas about how that is to be achieved.
Firstly, you will see that the elves do not blame the Aedra for creating said mortal limitations, but rather the spirit of limitations, Lorkhan, who tricked the gods into creating a mortal world and in doing so imprisoned them and their descendants within. Auriel, culture hero of the elves, then punished Lorkhan for this act and showed his children how to escape the mortal realm. The elves ever since have tried to reenact Auriel's ascension, attempting to reclaim the divinity they once had.
This is true; while Camoran, it seems to me, wanted to circumvent that process. His blasphemy is that he concluded that Auriel and the Aedra were obstacles to that ultimate goal of escaping mortal limitations, not in that he wanted to do it in the first place.
To make a long story short, Lorkhan sought to achieve something entirely different, namely to jump far beyond all notions of divinity, mortality, ascension... ('subgradientists) and to grant each and everyone the ability to create worlds like he attempted (Camoran), but failed to do. Camoran & co. are the ones who are trying to do it 'right', whereas the elves consider such plans blasphemous.
Hm...A more active removal of limitation, which is odd because creating a world is in itself an exercise in limitation; creation is the strategic destruction of parts of the Anuic infinity, much like creating a sculpture is the strategic destruction of parts of stone. To create without that is to do what the Daedra have tried to do with their realms, and that's not real creation as such. Camoran's goal is problematic in that sense. He does talk about recreating worlds, which is absent from any more orthodox Altmer school, though.