(Using the UESP as a source, as I haven't read The Infernal City.)
?Black Marsh seceded from the Empire. Lilmoth was destroyed, and the province has been at war with Morrowind for some time, possibly extending their domain.
?To quote the UESP, "...in the early Fourth Era, the empire collapsed and Cyrodiil splintered into many city-states."
?Elsweyr seceded from the Empire shortly after Black Marsh.
?Morrowind was attacked by Nords and Orcs, Vivec was destroyed by Baar Du, and Red Mountain erupted. "An invasion by the Argonians of Black Marsh forced the remaining Dunmer to retreat to Solstheim."
?"Following the Oblivion Crisis, the Thalmor, sworn enemies of the new Cyrodilic empire--now under Titus Mede--seized control of the old Aldmeri Dominion (Valenwood and the Summerset Isle). This was one enemy that Titus never managed to conquer."
There are obvious changes to the political map, and perhaps subtle ones to the geographical due to Red Mountain's eruption and possible unknown magical events.