You may have killed the boatman there when you did that... but I'd suggest still fast travelling to cottonwood cove to see if you have a means of getting to the fort. It may be intentional that, doing what you did, you are left without peaceful means of reaching the fort but it does seem bugged if you can't get there at all. You might have to swim there!
I was able to get Arcade's quest to trigger before ever going to the fort though so I think there are enough other triggering conversations for that one- but yeah I'm not sure how the global story progression variables come into play for it.
As far as console commands go, try:
setstage 00129D14 10
For arcade's sidequest (which can be annoying to get to trigger anyways) you can also try:
setstage 00157E60 10