This was bound to happen so early after release for achievement gamers like yourself. If only you hadn't insisted on rushing through the game. Just so you could to "beat" the MQ in under 60 seconds or less. If you hadn't, you'd likely not be posting this thread now, because you'd be still playing the game and simply enjoying all the features it has to offer. I'm nowhere close to remotely forging an alliance with any of the factions. Because I've only met one to date -- Preston and his Minutemen. And that's only because the game handheld and prompted my PC to go that way after leaving the vault. After establishing a decent supply line between Sanctuary and
Spoiler that 1st potato backwater farm quest that Preston tasks you with securing
I haven't really touched the settlement aspect since game launch.
Been busy avoiding quest taking (save a few side ones) and have been exploring the Commonwealth with Dogmeat. This unofficial goal is to get a idea of the immediate lay of the land. Basically get familiar with the threat environment of the zone 1 region in which Sanctuary Hills and several other potential settlement areas are located. And to reconnoiter special locations and collect valuable junk/scrap for settlement building much later. And knowing where to strategically build teleportation pads, so my PC can immediately travel to settlement trouble spots under siege. Or return to specific locations which might contain valuable loot which he didn't have time to scavenge much later.
Since I keep fast travel to a minimum (limit PC to doing so only if he's wearing PA to save on fuel) then quite naturally, my game day and playing time will take considerably longer. But that's because my playing style (pure sandbox driven by immersion and realism) is completely different from yours (achievement/goal oriented, singular linear questing toward MQ and side quest completion, and/or with typical fast travel to quickly accomplish a "To Do" list). My guess is your playing style may not allow you to let your PC role play regular sleeping/eating habits because these are only required when necessary. So you probably don't see the need for your PC to sleep at night because their health bar is at maximum. Which lowers the amount of actual game time it takes for your PC to explore the Commonweath. This style of game play gets even worse if the player is only concerned with how many achievements they can rack up on Steam etc.
Sounds a lot like your playing style is mismatched for an open world sandbox game--- where it's up to YOU the player be innovative in how you adventure the wasteland? Because even if I ran out of "things to do" ( i.e. completing the MQ, all other side quests, joining all the factions, playing both male and female protagonists, and earned--without cheats-- the entire list of vanilla achievements, collectibles etc.which Beth put in the game), I'd still ALWAYS have something to do. Example of this is Skyrim with tons of non MQ activities my PC can accomplish. Like role playing dedicated father, humble farmer who hunts and forages for his community and family. Or an upcoming merchant and skilled crating smith who peddles his wares to the nearest settlements by day (note that unlike Skyrim, you can role play ALL of these in vanilla Fallout 4 without mods!). Then transform from an upstanding, wealthy commoner (or noble) into a dread Vamp Lord hunter--whose only goal is to terrorize the good Skyrim citizens in the holds by night. I'm STILL playing Skyrim to date with over 1,500 hrs and counting. And plan to do the same for Fallout 4 until when TES VI ships.
Again, all of this role playing is quite possible in Fallout 4--even without player or BGS DLC. Given the radiation saturated nature of the fallout universe, lots of opportunities exist for RPing how your PC can gradually be transformed into a ghoul. You could creatively role play (or actually TRY to become a ghoul -- don't know if the game will let you do this or not) by vacationing at ground zero in the Glowing Sea crater. The fallout universe has plenty of monsters which inhabit that area. And whom I'm sure would be VERY eager to do a welcome wagon, and drop in on your PC for neighborly tea and crumpets on a frequent basis.
Hell, give yourself a custom quest mission to see if BGS gave us the ability to build settlements along the coastal region just for the challenge and kicks of it. Then post your findings back here. Because sharing your unique experiences and adventures would definitely add lots of value reading to this forum. But note that since Moria is probably now a happily retired senior citizen--in the prewar mirror free zone of Megaton or Underworld--then be sure to bring sufficient gear, radaway and enough fusion cores on this foolhardy mission. Just to ensure you can spirit your PC to the nearest med facility when they are near certain death. Then rinse and repeat the process.....
Well, enough of the lecture. I'm not ragging on you OP. Particularly since I don't know your true playing style. But if you're complaining about a lack of "things to do"---because you've been obsessively playing the game (with no regard for other IRL things like socializing with real friends doing real life activities etc) since Fallout came out. In which case, you've got no one to blame but yourself for your apparent boredom. You've got to realize that your singular mindset approach with a unilateral goal of just "beating the game" is bound to have its drawbacks.
Your only alternatives appear to be 1. waiting for GECK and the subsequently awesome free modded DLC or 2) waiting on getting Beth's DLC when it drops next year. Whichever comes first. But regardless of which alternative you take, you're likely going to end up returning to this point of "What's there to do in Fallout?" because of the achievement driven way in which you chose to play this sandbox styled game.........