I was going to make two threads this one and one comparing Skyrim's perk system versus New Vegas', but they are two different too compare.

Max critical damage is 1.875x base weapon damage for any sword (Great Critical Charge + rank 3 Deep Wounds, or Critical Charge + rank 3 Bladesman + rank 2 Deep Wounds); 1.25x for other melee weapons (CC / GCC + rank 2 Deep Wounds); and .9375x (not counting arrow/bolt) for bows and crossbows (rank 3 Critical Shot + rank 2 Deep Wounds.)

If you're curious, rank 2 Deep Wounds has a bug that multiplies all of your critical damage by 1.25, regardless of weapon used.

As for axe bleed, it's like a lingering poison you never have to reapply. It's not great, but even a bit of extra damage is not insignificant.

I only go up the middle for the One and Two Handed trees. I always pick up the 0/5 perks, the less stamina perk, and the 25% power attack/decapitation perk.

The Sweep perk for Two Handed is pretty useful.

According to the UESP, bladesman and deep wounds only affect the base damage of the weapon and are not affected by smithing, skill level or other perks. Are you sure critical charge multiplies the bonus of those perks?