I was in Kodlak Whitemane's room in Whiterun and saw an Unusual Gem. It wasn't marked "steal", so I took it. Now, none of the companions will deal with me unless I pay my debt. However, my only options are "I can't afford to pay" and "I'm not paying anything". How can I "repay my debt"? How much will it cost, and who do I turn it in to? Thanks!

Maybe reload your last save, might have autosaved when you entered the companion hold. Once you finish their quests it won't be stealing anymore.

I accidentally stole a bowl next to Kodlak. I had pay him 1 gold. It said it in parenthesis next to the "Pay the fine" choice.

Sadly, I don't have a "pay the fine" choice

Either a glitch or you don't have enough to pay.