What has it ever done to you?
if you mean poison in some extra damage, you can enchant it, call it shock poison and voila.
If you mean the poisons that you make out of ingredients, then nope.
You seem to want to poison your bow, has it betrayed you? Gotten your daughter pregnant? The suspense is killing me.
the answer is in the spoiler box there
ok, sorry for making it confusing. The answer is no, you can′t. You can add elemental damage to bows, and poisons to arrows. You need to use a poison at a time.
You have to apply poison to each individual attack.
I do not recall if there are any mods out there that has a poison enchantment on a Bow.