1. just picking something up for the first time you can not know what effects this item has.
Ok, arguably for flower etc. it could be possible at it is common knowledge, but not for armor. Nevertheless, I think it is stupid and uninspiring to immediately know what effect certain items have.
2. how could this problem be solved?
I think one have to approach the effects/enchanting stuff from another perspective. When I would find a sword with an effect on it (f.e. fire damage - at that time not knowing) and I would use it against an enemy I would see that the enemy would suffer fire damage as he burns. So my suggestions would be to add the effect to the items specification after one has made use of that specific item. But what about effects that aren't visible, soultrap f.e.?
3. how to know the effect for "invisible" effects?
In real life I would go to a person who knows stuff about weapons or enchanting, f.e. a smith or a magician. So my suggestion would be to take this item to a smith or an enchanter and let him anolyse it. You pay a fee for it and you know what effect that specific item has. It should the enchanter take a while to anolyse it so, let's say a few days or so.
4. learning by doing
so, when progressing in levels you should be able to identify the enchantment of an item by yourself. but it should be a process, not just a text saying "Longsword - Fire Damage 5 Pts.". When you are examining an item it should take time and it should be a visible animation that you are examining something and you should also fail for items that have an high enchantment level, still not knowing what that certain item can do. For the record: You can identify an enchanted item either by the feel of item (feels magical) or the looks (glowing).
5. conslusion
There should be the following options regarding item effects and enchanting:
a. You can identify If an item is enchanted at all either by the feel of item (feels magical) or the looks (glowing)
b. Add the effect to the items specification after one has made use of that specific item, not immediately after pickup
c. You have to take an enchanted item to a smith or an enchanter and let him anolyse it to know what effect it holds
d. when progressing in levels there should be the possibility that you should be able to identify the enchantment of an item by yourself. When you are examining an item it should take time and it should be a visible animation that you are examining something and you should also fail for items that have an high enchantment level, still not knowing what that certain item can do. As an option you could take it to an enchanter or smith.
e. You can gain knowledge about specific items from books or conversations, but it is not possible to flick fast through a book where was talked about goldbrand, you should have stayed on the specific page for at least a few seconds, so that the game knows that you actually read it and know that you know about the effect and the destination where it is to find. That way you can go back and say: "I have been to that cave and found a sword, it must be goldbrand" and when you open the item menu you'll see the effect added to the item specification.
f. The same methods should count for natural items like mushrooms, flowers, meat and so on
What do you think about it?