Get you facts right, only the boarder's suffer "darkness" and ignorance; the Byzantine still standing along and the Renaissance started in Italian Peninsula, where the Roman Empire was.
Human rights is a rather modern product, IIRC there isn't any culture "built" upon it.
In fact, human right doesn't skip anything. if anything, human rights are always being abuse for economics, security, politics etc.
The borders, as you call it, were the previously conquered nations whose native, conscripted armies revolted against Roman rule. These revolts occurred primarily because of taxes and unfair policies from Rome, whose unworkable Imperial model collapsed after a long decline.
The Eastern empire did indeed continue to prosper. After it dismantled the Roman model and returned to it's Hellenistic roots, while rejecting the religion and moral structure of Rome. It survived destruction by paying vast tributes to the barbarians. Later, after it developed it's own Imperial ambitions, it lost much of it's power.
The Renaissance came out of the Italian peninsula, yes. The area was split into many territories and city states; no fragments of the Roman Empire existed save ruins. Florence and other feudal states began to thrive because of trade with the East and the influence of nearby states such as Venice, where feudalism was being replaced by commerce, republicanism and a climate of personal liberty (human rights).
The expression 'human rights' is indeed fairly modern. I generalize. But every able ruler in history has faced a choice -- treat it's citizens as commodities or treat it's citizens as, well, citizens. Those who did the latter generally enjoyed prosperity; those who did not subsisted on the vicious cycle of relying on conquest to maintain power, which limited power, leading to more conquest.
Sadly, there are more examples in history of the former. The history of our planet is the sound of empires falling. But all the things that have endured have come about from the influence of free commerce, personal liberty and an absence of government oppression.
You're the one who needs to get his facts right.