Now I'm a little confused, and a little worried about this, but maybe someone else has figured out what I have not. In past Elder Scrolls games, when you increase a skill, you also increase your strength in that skill. For instance, a higher skill level in archery means you will do more damage with your bow.
However, from the perks we have seen so far, that may not neccesarily be the case. In order to actually make your abilities stronger, you may need to "purchase" perks, which are unlocked as your skill level gets higher. Lets take the Block skill for example, because they've shown it in detail. The first perk for Block is "Sheild Wall" (blocking 25% more effective), which requires a block skill of 20. This is rank 1 of 5.....
Now apart from that being a really boring set of perks, that may also mean that your blocking will not become ANY more effective when you increase it---until you purchase that perk. So basically from level 1 to 20 in the skill of block, your blocking ability in-game may not increase at all. Maybe this isnt the case, but I wouldnt be worried except for their overemphasis on perks and the generic, boring things that they do. Maybe your ability in combat is ENTIRELY dependant on perks, not on skill level. I mean....5 perks for Block which just make your block more effective...? Don't expect 280 good perks, expect maybe 30 generic perks with 5 levels each for every skill...plus a few extras. If this is the case...it would dramatically change the way the game plays.
Edit: I just checked and the basic perk for Two-Handed is "Two-Handed Prowess" (two-handed weapons do 20% more damage, (rank 1 of 5). and the basic perk for One-Handed is "One-Handed Prowess" (One handed weapons other than daggers do 40% more damage...(rank 1 of 5)).