Yeah, the number of breaking quest bugs is frustrating. At this point, I'm Thane of Solitude and Whiterun, with the house & housecarl for each... and the other three cities are broken. In Markarth I have the house and have done everything in the city, but despite 20+ quests for the Jarl's steward afterwards, he will not offer me a Thaneship (if that's a word.) In Riften, the Jarl will tell me she's going to make me Thane now... then go back to drinking her mead without actually
doing it, so no title and housecarl for me. And as for Windhelm, the quest that starts things off simply won't begin, so I can't even get the house, let alone the title.
I even ran into a game-breaking bug in the main quest and had to use the console to circumvent it, but alas, even that workaround hasn't seemed to help for the Thane quests.