Ohmes

Similar in many ways to the Bosmer, although generally of lesser stature. In order to avoid being mistaken as one of the Bosmer many Ohmes tattoo their faces to resemble a feline-aspect. The Ohmes is the most common form seen outside of the province of Elsweyr, taking advantage of other races' preference to their appearance to serve in positions of ambassadorship and trade. It is possible that the Ohmes are the breed http://uesp.net/wiki/Arena:Arena at the end of the http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Third_Era#3E_399 of the Third Era.
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Ohmes-raht

Similar to the race of men, save for their short, light-colored fur, the Ohmes-raht may easily be mistaken as men at a distance. Unlike the many other species of Khajiit who walk like cats upon the balls of their feet, the Ohmes-raht walk upon their heels. The Ohmes-raht are most likely the breed http://uesp.net/wiki/Daggerfall:Daggerfall in the early http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Third_Era#3E_405 of the Third Era.
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Suthay

Similar to the Suthay-raht in all respects, save that they are of lesser stature and with digitigrade or beast-like legs. The Khajiit encountered in http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Morrowind at the http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Third_Era#3E_427 are likely of the Suthay strain.
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Suthay-raht

Similar in height and build to the race of man, the Suthay-raht are one of the most common breeds of Khajiit. Their coloring ranges from dark brown and orange, to light yellow, both with and without stripes and spots. Suthay-raht are often referred to as "Ja'Khajiit" by those of other races; this appellation often strikes the Khajiit as odd, said title being one of their names for http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Mehrunes_Dagon. ("Ja'Khajiit" would literally mean "young Khajiit" or kitten, and the Khajiit call Mehrunes Dagon this "for what is more destructive than a young cat?" -http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Words_of_Clan_Mother_Ahnissi)
The majority of Khajiit encountered in http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Cyrodiil and http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Skyrim from the http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Oblivion_Crisis during the Third Era and later are of the Suthay-raht strain, as well as the Khajiit http://uesp.net/wiki/Redguard:Redguard near http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Second_Era#2E_864 of the Second Era.
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Cathay

A Khajiiti form determined by http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Khajiit#Nomenclature (ja'Kha'jay): when moon Masser is waxing and Secunda is full. Similar to the http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Khajiit#Suthay-raht in appearance and bi-pedalism, however they possess greater stature and strength.
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Cathay-raht

A Khajiiti form determined by http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Khajiit#Nomenclature (ja'Kha'jay): when moons Masser and Secunda are waxing. Larger and stronger than the http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Khajiit#Cathay, the Cathay-raht are often described by non-Khajiit races as "jaguar-men". Whether this implies that the Cathay-raht are a spotted breed or not is unknown.
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Tojay

Little is known of the Tojay, save that they live in the southern marshes and jungle regions of Elsweyr, as well as the Tenmar forest.
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Tojay-raht

Nothing is known of the Tojay-raht, save it's probably a larger version of the Tojay.
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Alfiq

A quadrupedal form of Khajiit, the Alfiq is, in many respects, similar to a common housecat. Although diminutive in form, the Alfiq retain the keen intelligence of the Khajiiti, having the ability to understand the spoken word of others, although unable to respond. It is possible that they can cast spells; see http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Mixed_Unit_Tactics for more on this subject.
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Alfiq-raht

Nothing is known of the Alfiq-raht, save it's probably larger than the Alfiq.
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Dagi

A less-common form of Khajiit, Dagi live in the trees of the Tenmar forrest. Due to their smaller size and light weight, they are able to dwell in the higher branches which even the Bosmer cannot reach. The Dagi have a natural affinity for magic, and are known spellcasters, a characteristic often taken advantage of in Khajiiti battle-tactics.
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Dagi-raht

Similar in all respects to the Dagi, while somewhat larger, however not overly so as they are able to dwell in higher tree branches, like the Dagi. It can be assumed that, like their smaller cousins, they are naturally skilled in the use of magic.
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Pahmar

Quadrupedal, the Pahmar is similar in appearance and size to a tiger.
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Pahmar-raht

The Pahmar-raht is similar to the Pahmar in appearance, although larger and possessed of a fiercer disposition.
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Senche

The Senche is commonly employed by the other Khajiit breeds as a steed, assumedly by will. Roughly the same height as the average http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Altmer, with an average weight comparable to that of twenty Altmer.
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Senche-raht

Larger and slower than the Senche, the Senche-raht are also possessed of a shorter body-span and straighter legs. The average Senche-raht stands as tall as two Altmer and can weigh as much or more than fifty. Like the Senche, Senche-raht are also employed as steeds, notably in battle, whence they earned the title "battlecats" from Imperial troopers.
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Mane

A Mane can be born only under a rare alignment of http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Masser and http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Secunda when, according to legend, a third moon appears in the sky. In olden times, the Khajiit would shave off their own manes in deference to the Mane, braiding them into locks that he would incorporate into his own, gigantic mane. Over time, as the population grew, this ritual became impractical. Thus, while all Khajiit continue to remove their manes in deferential respect, they do so largely as a symbolic sacrifice, disposing of the shorn locks. The current Mane, however, continues to wear the braids of his own tribe, as well as those of his Warrior Guard, which encompasses hundreds of Khajiit. In fact, so weighted down by the hair of his kinsmen is he that the Mane cannot move without aid, and travels about the countryside by means of a Cathay-raht supported palanquin.

Argonians usually live in tribes, each having their own customs as well as differing appearances. There are a few known tribes:

• Agacephs: Most have needle-like faces and vary in color from bright green to orange. Found in inner Argonia, near the Hist.
  
• Archeins: During the era when other races tried to put plantations in Argonia, Archeins were very powerful, and made fortunes by selling other Argonians into slavery. Since the other races realized Argonia is unfit for plantations, they have gone bankrupt.
  
• Paatru: Described as "toad-like", they live in the inner part of Argonia.
  
• Sarpa: Described as being "winged", though it's unclear if this is meant literally or not. They live in the interior of Argonia.
  
• Nagas: They are described as having "huge mouths filled with dripping needle-like fangs". Usually seven to eight feet tall, the Nagas appear to be more snake-like than other Argonians. When the other races were attempting to put plantations into Argonia, they generally acted as highway robbers; however, since the other races ceased trying to put plantations in Argonia, they have left the roads and have gone back into the inner swamps.^{http://uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Argonian#cite_note-27}

no I don't think there are different sub-species of Argonian

(Or do I have that backwards?)

There's also the Lilmothiit fox-people of Black Marsh, which could be related to Khajiit (mentioned in the PGE3).

How many licks does it take to get to the center of a Hist tree?

They may have gone extinct. They were very nomadic and didn't have a habit of leaving traces of themselves, so there's no proof they're gone forever.

So their population would have to be very small then, or they are very well scartered out from each other? Or they could just live in a location that has hardly anybody else besides their race.