There is a lot of content and it can be hard to narrow yourself down when picking a character. I'm sure there's a bunch of tips and tricks that can be passed around.
Traits are like perks, but there are drawbacks to them. Some of them are negligible. For example, sniper oriented characters can find Fast Shot to be very appealing, since their weapons are super accurate and receive almost no penalty for it, while gaining a good increase to Rate of Fire.
Make sure to keep your weapons and armor in good condition, and always be on the lookout for something better. This is an RPG, and realism doesn't count for squat. If you find yourself hurting a lot, I'd recommend possibly Heavy Armor(you know, hide behind a skin of steel) or get a companion. Companions are great bullet sponges and some can dish out a punch, like Arcade Gannon and Raul Tejada.
Do you have a character build in mind?
Also, do you have any DLCs or possibly the Ultimate Edition?