well the stuff areis the dart gun, nuka grenade, railway rifle, shishkebab, deathclaw gauntlet, bottle cap mine and the rock it launcher there are 3 schematics per custom weapon
They are scattered around the wasteland, some can be bought from vendors, some are given as quest rewards, some are located in buildings and some (or just one? not sure...) is just lying on the ground (fairly easy to miss).
It's advisable collecting the caravaners schematics as soon as possible. They will most probably get killed by raiders or critters before you reach level 10, and finding their dead corpses out in the Wasteland isn't easy.