History tell us that after the Red mountain defeat, windcaller went up on a mountain and was gone for several days. When he was challenged, he defeated every thuum user that went against him and came down only when his way was reconized as the superior way.
The thing is, the very mountain he went up on was home to paarthunax. Ingame paar states that he has been there guarding the time rift, waiting for alduin to come back ever since he found out about what happened to the 3 thuum users. So paar was there first, for ages until windcaller came up and found him. Paar never acknowledges that he created the way of the voice, but neither does he created windcaller either.
Yes the way of the voice seems to go against a dragons nature to dominate, but somewhat and ill get more into it later. It can also be said that the way of the voice is against the nature of a battlelust nord as well.