As the title says really.
For me personally I think it could learn from the walking dead game which had excellent writing and characters, but more specifically the characters where believable and really impacted what you did to many characters in Fallout bar the big name guys really capture the same emotion people that have played it will get what i'm trying to say.

I also think timed dialogue options er go a limited amount of time to reply to someone could be used well if implemented well, obviously not for all dialogue as there can be a lot of possible options with lots of text in each.To summarize i think The walking dead game raised the bar for storytelling and Bethesda and obsidian (presuming they ever work on fallout again) should look at it.

What about what many other games could learn from Fallout? Things like giving players choice for a change - like the choice to play as female or male, shaping the character's story to your liking - and giving a memorable experience.