I was on the frozen lake in the Forgotten vale fighting the two dragons there. One of them looked like it was coming in for a landing. It had its claws outstreched and its wings flared back like they do when they are landing. Problem was, it looked like it was going to land right on top of me. Being a cloth mage that was bad, bad news. So I started running to get out of the way when all of the sudden the camera cuts to me flying through the air (with my ward spell still active).

I can't figure out what happened. One moment the dragon is coming at me, the next I am dead. Did it grab me and toss me? Or was this a collision, like a falling rock? The kill cam did not show where the dragon went to, so I have no idea if actually did land, or whether it picked me up and threw me. I don't even know how you would defend against this. They fly fast enough that getting out of their way when the are flying right at you is difficult at best.

Sure would like to know exactly how that dragon killed me.

There are Two of them, My character usually gets a Chompcam. Dragons are like Dogs, they smell Fear
It may be that Your character was tossed by the ice when the Dragon broke through, it is no different than falling down a Cliff, or being ragdolled by a Giants Club. You just did not get far enough away when the Dragon plunged through.