You need the perks, ESECIALLY for archery btw. Try and get the bow damage perks up...it's the key to survival as an archer. And try to get the Bow Sneak attack perk on the sneaking skill tree ASAP as well.
And yes, smithing is quite important, especially to get better bows AND to upgrade your armor (you will die very easily without upgraded armor...so smith up!).
And race has very little effect on the outcome of your character, I'm playing as an Imperial thief which specialises in archery, and I've had no problems whatsoever (im playing on adept btw).