Hi everyone, I'm level 24 and I get murdered by dragons. One breath and for me the game is over.
I got problems also with enemy mages: one hostile mage spell and for me the game is over.

I'm a mage focusing toward conjuration and destruction (that uses heavy armors)

I'm not able to understand what I gotta do to get elemental resistance. How do I enchant my stuff? What would you advise me to do?

I'm not even able to understand how I'm supposed to forge things. Am I supposed to make 150 steel dagger to make an ebony dagger and so on? Seems hardly a good time spent

You'll need to find an http://www.uesp.net/wiki/Skyrim:Arcane_Enchanters, and destroy the item that has an enchantment you want to learn to get the enchantment. Then you select the equipment you want to enchant, the enchantment(s) you want to give it, and the Soul Gem you'll use to power said enchantment.

As for Smithing, it levels up based on what the value of the item you craft, so jewelry will eclipse iron daggers and the like. Improving materials after you get to a certain point will also be more useful to you than simply making them. To unlock new weapons/armors, you'll need to use perks in the Smithing skill tree.

Thanks.
Another question: What can I do with soul stone fragments?

you cant do anything with soul stone fragments. only soul stones with captured souls can be used for enchanting. those can be be bought or found.

Ward Spells.

Leveling up Alteration can unlock the 'Magic Resist' perks, as well as the 'Atronach' perk, but be careful with that one. You can end up absorbing your own conjurations and stuff.

For your enchantments to be somewhat viable, you'll need to level up enchanting and perk it. Try to find enchantments like Muffle or Waterbreathing that have a static value, use petty or lesser soul gems and put them on cheap stuff to sell - it will level your enchanting skill and make you some money.
A frequent use of the Soul Trap spell (or weapon with the spell) will provide you with filled soul gems.

As for the resistance, if you're wearing heavy armor, you shouldn't be that easy to kill. Do you use potions? Are you wearing anything with Resist enchantments? What standing stone do you have active? (I recommend the Atronach stone or the Lord stone.) What race are you?do you have a follower to help you kill stuff? Do you use summons?

I've started falling in love with Bound Weapons because of how powerful the bound weapons become with a single perk, and after that gain nice perks in terms of Soul Trap (the original reason I was commenting about this), Banish, and Turn Undead as essentially free enchantments. Plus, you can't be disarmed, and they're weightless, and unlimited Daedric Arrows. Sure, tangible weapons tempered with high Smithing skill eventually surpass them, but early on they can be life savers.

Or, you can pick up and buy empty soul gems and fill them yourself with the Soul Trap spell (or a weapon enchanted with the Soul Trap effect).

Thanks to everyone. Is there a way to find "enchanted properties" without breaking the items into an arcane enchanter?
I find it so pointless to keep going into the dungeons because all the content is levelled. I explored at least 70 dungeons and the ebst I was able to find was a glass armor, glass sword, etc.
Also, another thing that I find not good, is the fact that when I explore dungeons sometimes it will tell me "quest complete". Whcih quest? What are you talking about? Aren't the Elder scrolls game about exploring? I even completed one dark brotherhood quest and I don't even know how to meet them, curious, isn't it?

I'm not entirely sure what you're asking here, but I'll give it a shot. To learn an enchantment that you can then use on another item (armor, weapon, amulet, etc,..) you first have to disenchant the original item. This will destroy the original item just as reading a spell tome to learn a spell will destroy the book. It's a bit of a trade off, but it's well worth it in the end since you'll be able to enchant more powerful weapons and armor later in the game. Check with all of the merchants in the game periodically as you level to find items that you can use to learn new enchantments. The way to combat "leveled" loot is to craft your own weapons and armor. Then place enchantments on them that will suit your needs.

You'll probably want to keep track of your journal entries if you're completing quests that you were previously unaware that you had queued up. It's a bit unfortunate IMO that Beth decided to auto-insert quests and objectives into the quest log without regard for player agency. If you're not keeping track of that stuff it can certainly come as a surprise when you get a "quest complete" message pop-up like that.

For the first question I was asking if there was an alternative to breaking items, maybe books that I could buy to learn thist or that enchantment. Thanks for the clarification, though.

The truth is that I got mroe or less ten quests, but for the fact that I keep exploring like a mad man every dungeon, I keep getting "quest completed" because obviously the dungeon I just explored was the dungeon I was supposed to explore for that quest I've never heard of. It was just me [censored]ing about how pointless this system is

Destroying an enchanted item is the only way. A hint though: This is what all those enchanted iron swords and "useless gauntlets of minor skill" is for.

I also constantly scan the shop keepers for enchanted items to suit my needs. My current character uses enchanting, but I have only given him one or two perks in it, so he can't really do any powerful enchantments, only decent ones. For smithing, he has a set of gear consisting of a blacksmith's apron and a necklace I've put Fortify Smithing on (+10% each), a purchased pair of Gauntlets of Eminent Smithing (+17% IIRC) and a purchased Ring of Smithing (+12%). If I find a better necklace in a shop, I'll be sure to buy it, but for now the one I have will do. Same with Fortify Alchemy - by now, I have found/bought bracers, ring, necklace and circlet that are pretty good (most are Eminent or Extreme), but in the beginning, I learned the enchantment and put it on the gear - even if it only gave a small boost by then, it was better than nothing, until I found items with stronger enchantments.

Have you read http://uesp.net/wiki/Skyrim:Enchanting