Hi. I always assumed the Blades ranks were just to do with the Main Quest, not really something you advanced in like a regular Guild.
But I just beat the MQ, and I noticed that there are higher ranks in being a Blade than I have right now.

If Jauffre and Baurus had lived, would they have advanced me in the Blades?

No. The Blades is one of a couple guilds in which you ever only achieve one rank.