Is there a way to add these to your inventory using the console?

what golden plates? are you talking about the ones needed for the influence quest having to do with the thieves guild?

I don't see why you couldn't add them with the console but I doubt it would allow you to complete the quest.

The Golden Plates in the Hall of Valor

well those plates are entirely different. since the ones you can't take are part of the table itself... I really doubt you could add those with the console.

But you could try "help plate" in the console command window and see what turns up.