So we know from the gameplay demo that enemies do react to being shot at this time, especially that ghoul. However what I always dislike about Bethesda's games was that enemies would never really react at all to fire or shock attacks in ways such as screaming, writhing, trying to put out the fire or getting electrified.
There was a part of the demo during the crafting section where we do see raiders trying to breach the town defense which did have flamethrowers being used against them, but they seem to have died too quickly for us to really notice anything.