You might be able to bring up the console or dig through the .ini files and find the line where it says something like "Minutemen settlements saved 0%" and change the value (Note, that's not what it's called. It's likely called something else entirely). Or otherwise change a quest value from 0/false to 1/true to enable that quest for the teleporter. If you change the "settlement" value, you might want to do it after saving them from the raiders first, to make sure you don't get dumped with the quest as soon as you talk to Preston, which may or may not get you stuck in the game. I'd probably enable it once he starts giving me the quests to make sure not to break anything.
Mod to add more random quests, please. Why are we still "Fixing" what shouldn't be broke again?