The game help text implies at least something adds happiness by being built but maddenigly wont say what
Two things i know for sure no squat are paintings and rugs. I've tested laying down a warehouse full of em, one type at a time, and zero effect on my happiness. Was stable, leveled off ~80 before zillion paintings, and same afterwards with days of waiting to see if it was slow effect.
Right now i just use the main big things that work for sure - excess food, water, and esp defense
Beds dont seem to matter if in excess, just matters if one less than minimum. Oh, wait - make sure to have 1 more bed for youself.
I noticed if i dont check and sleep in a bed assigned to someone already, even though i have 20 extra beds, the settlers will tell me there is a bed situation and people are sleeping in shifts. This only happens when i sleep on a green tagged bed (assigned), but never when checking i amsleeping on red tag (unassigned)