i lost him while doing the first mission of broken steel. i sent him to go find ammo and he ran off, when i went to look for him i couldnt find him so i assumed he died somehow. so i left and checked at vault 101 for a dogmeat puppy, but there was none there after waiting for a few days there was still no puppy.. so is dogmeat gone forever?
these two pages may help you
http://fallout.wikia.com/wiki/Recovering_missing_NPC_in_Fallout_3
&
http://fallout.wikia.com/wiki/Dogmeat_%28Fallout_3%29