you can craft a few kinds of ammo using the chem station
"Aside from modding armour and weapons, you can also craft your own ammo. If you find a Syringer somewhere in the Commonwealth hold on to it, because its ammo is more unusual than most. Use a chemistry station to craft such injectables as the Lock Joint Syringe, which may cause temporary paralysis, or the Mind Cloud Syringe, which tricks the injected into thinking you’ve disappeared. Next time you kill a bloatfly, make sure to loot its corpse for glands to make bloatfly larva, which when shot from your syringe can spawn another bloatfly; it’s the circle of life."
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Nhhzq-FD6Qis where to find the Syringer