I have had this issue at several settlements now. I am still able to attempt to place it at Sanctuary Hills, but at two other settlements I cannot place the Radio Recruitment beacon, even if I have the parts.
At the one settlement, there is a (1) after the radio recruitment beacon part suggesting that there is already a built one in my workbench, but when I place, I don't get the red or green outline of it. It does not show the beacon at all when attempting to place it. Again this happened at several settlements except for sanctuary hills.
I have tried this from my Save game on a completely different computer with the same results. Still have the bug.
This is very annoying, especially considering I cannot complete a minutemen mission without placing it.
I was in the beta program, but after the patch, I uninstalled the game and reinstalled it to 'opt-out' of the beta.