The Railroad: Do the quests "Tradecraft" and "Boston after dark". You may not give Desdemona the holotape from Institute and avoid the quest "Underground Undercover".
RR http://www.polygon.com/2015/11/12/9724388/railroad-quests
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Minutemen: Do the quest "Inside job" and build the machine to be able to enter The Institute (BoS will not be so happy, but doesn't matter). Sturges will ask you to download some data to Network scanner holotape, back home you can give Sturges the holotape to finish the quest "Inside job". If Danse is nearby in the same settlement, he will really hate what your doing with the tape.
MM http://www.polygon.com/fallout-4/2015/11/9/9696306/minutemen-quests
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Brotherhood of Steel: You can do the quests "From within", "Blind Betrayal" - where you can max out relationship with Danse and "Liberty Reprimed".
BoS http://www.polygon.com/fallout-4/2015/11/9/9696326/brotherhood-steel-quests
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The Institute: You can do "Battle of Bunker Hill" and "Mankind redefined". There are 5 radiant quests to do, but avoid the misc quest "Banish from The Institute"
Institute http://www.polygon.com/fallout-4/2015/11/12/9724276/institute-quests
Update 9. januar 2015:
Into your journal there will be added more quests automatically, but just don't do them now. Just do the misc and radiant quests. When you have downloaded the data to the Network scanner holotape, just don't give anyone the tape unless you have decided what to do. Retrieve the tape back can be difficulty if you choose wrong. To advance BoS questslines you need to retrieve the holotape back from Sturges or RR and give the holotape to Proctor Ingram to be able to start "Blind Betrayal". If you give Proctor Ingram the holotape and forgot to finish "Inside job", Ingram will give the tape back to you.
None of any factions radiant quests will do any impact of relationship unless one quest given by weapon trader at Prydwen. He will ask you to confiscate food from settlements. The settlers may not like that.
Cheers,
-Klevs