So, I made a Sentry Bot, fully decked him out (cost me about 100 Adhesive) and wanted to just rename him and send him to guard Murkwater.
I'll explain what I think may be the cause.
When I chose to make a new Automatron, I backed out at the list of materials and I got a basic Automatron (as if I'd just built one) called "Automatron". I tried to start making parts from there, but the game told me that I needed to "create an Automatron" (it cost me no materials to just back out).
So, I caved and made it (I was hoping for more base templates to build from rather than everything starting out as a Protectron), and the base Protectron that gets made by default was assigned a name like "Automatron268" or something, just like normal.
I didn't notice when it finally changed back to just "Automatron", as I had to do quite a bit of adventuring to get the extra Adhesive I needed and I had to trial all of the voices. When my creation had been completed, I tried to rename it but when having entered the name and pressing "Start" (or whatever it's called on Xbox One) it goes through but the name remains "Automatron". I've tried several times now, I've created a save, reset my game and loaded from there to no avail, and I've had it crash on me 2 times now.
It's broken, and it may very well be my fault for backing out of the initial creation, but I'd obviously like to see it fixed and this is my report. Also, if anyone on PC reads this, see if you can replicate the error.
My only real workaround may be if I strip all of his mods, create a new Automatron and attach them to it, but given how broken the game can be at times, it may very well have more issues.