Ok, on the PC after doing the companion quests leading up to Kodlak dying and Dovakihn fighting his wolf spirit, you do a few more generic quests then from Vilkas (and from Farkas depending who you help first) you get a quest called Purity. In this quest you are to go with Vilkas to the companion tomb and throw a Glermorian witch head in the fire and fight his spirit.
And the catch is? When you teleport to the tomb Vilkas comes with you but then starts walking away. You can not finish the quest. I also believe he takes up a follower spot keeping you from bringing along companions. I can not cure myself of werewolf-ism either, I believe because of this quest being uncompleteable.