Well basically, there is no level cap no more, meaning you can level yourself as long as you feel like it... Most enemies (should) still stop scaling at 50. The way you keep leveling is, as mentioned above, by making any skill you have at lvl 100 "Legendary". By making a skill legendary, its level is returned to 15, all perks invested in that skill's perk tree will be removed and the perk points will be returned to you, so you can either use them on other perk's or save them to replace them in the same skilltree once you level it again. (youll still get more perk points by getting more overall levels, too, as you do normally)
As for if the leveling is slower, the usual leveling up process applies here - you get overall xp by leveling up your skills. The lower your skill levelup, the lower overall xp you get (meaning you get less overall xp from leveling a skill from 15 to 16 than to, for example, 80 to 81) but, the higher your overall level, the more xp is needed for next lvl.
Thats as detailed as i can get
