Fallout basically takes place in 1950's America but with Advanced technology. The question is if the time lines split in 1959 (ish) a time without equal rights for blacks, how did they get over it? Did they still have the civil rights campaign like real life) or did the nukes kill so many that racism died with them?
I think it died before the war maybe not in the way it did in our timeline but I'd say by the time the bombs fell all had equal rights, we know they where less than ours in fallout world

Maybe the USA in Fallout series had an ideology like similar to INGSOC in the book 1984.

Fallout is not 1950s with advanced tech. Fallout is the 21st century that never let go of the 50s culture and style.


As for your question, maybe apocalypse is all that is needed to get people to finally see past one's skin color? Then again, they do have Ghouls and other mutants to pick on instead.

Movement towards equality was already well underway in the 50's according to some who were busy having kids at the time.

Looks to me like folks with the M. L. K. vision won out in theirs, instead of the activists who seem to have made a mess of it in ours.

This

When your neighbore can be a walking corpse or green mass of muscles, diffrent skin color stops being much of a diffrence.

The Civil Rights movement started taking off in the 1950s. You can argue it started before that. African Americans fought for America in World War Two. The irony that those men were fighting to free the world from monsters like Hitler and his racist views and acts, but still treated like crap at home was not lost to much of the American government.

Civil Rights I am sure continued in the Fallout Universe, but probably was a hell of a lot slower. The desegregation issue for many states as we know was a very hot botton issue. The American Military ended desegregation in the late 1940s, early 1950s.

There might have been places in America that stayed desegregated, but again I doubt it. I am sure the Cold War, Oil Running out, collapse of world trade, New Plague, Rise of China, forming the 50 states into the 13 commonwealths and all that would bring the people of America together to fight a common enemy.

Given that there are no leftovers of racism like silly advertisemants, figures of speech (which persist), or even mention thereof, I think it's safe to assume that civil rights campaigns accomplished their goals. Remember, while Fallout is inspired by 1950s culture and sci-fi, it's NOT a direct transplant.

Plus, going by the Vaults (which keep the American culture and history alive), race is a non-issue.